My name is Sajidah.Currently study in major of microbiology in UPM.Microbiology is y first choice for degree I hope to be the unusual microbiologist.Hope to learn more about microbes.
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Today is the last class.We continue to learn about control of microbial growth. Physical Control Methods Heat -Thermal death point:lowest temperature at which all cells in a culture are killed in 10 minutes -Thermal death time:Time to kill all cells in a culture -Decimal reduction time: time in minutes to kill 90% cells at given temperature. Chemical Control Agents Dinsfection Antisepsis Sterilization Evaluating a dinsinfectant -use dilution test -disk-diffusion method http://faculty.mc3.edu/jearl/ML/disinfectant.jpg I before this have seen this picture before but never thought this actually us for the test for evaluating disinfectant. I thought it just a solution dipped in a circle.I wonder that if this test effective for all type of disinfectant. Next we learn about Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Chemotherapeutic Agents-chemical agents used to treat disease Penicilin E-test There are many microbes involve in making drugs which I thought before
18/12/14 We continue previous chapter. Culture medium- nutrient prepared for the growth of microorganisms in a laboratory. inoculum- microbes that are introduced into a culture medium to initiate grow. Types of culture media chemically defined-chemical composition known complex media-chemical composition unknown Selective media -contain agents inhibit growth of certain bacteria while permitting growth of others Differential media-contain indicator that react differently with different organism. Enrichment media-increase small numbers of desired bacteria to detectable level blood agar http://www.eolabs.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/500x500/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/p/p/pp_1730_clear.jpg Eosin Methylene Blue Agar https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/651/flashcards/1059651/jpg/dsc007871325701299117.jpg I never thought that agar can change the colour according to the microbe.Before this I thought the colour of the agar will remain the same.
16/12/14 Today we have our class at Biotech 2.2.We learn about culturing ad maintaining microbes. Aseptic technique-carrying out a procedure under controlled conditions in a manner that will minimize the chance of contamination. Sterile hood- all manipulations must be carry out in a sterile cabinet. Before this I thought before doing cultivation of microbes we just need to wash the apparatus with just distilled water same as other experiments but it is more than that.It is show that a small contaminate can bring big effect to the results of the culture. Basic culturing technique -liquid culture -culture plate Different types microbes need different type of medium.Before this I thought all types of microbes use the same medium but I was wrong. I wonder how was the recipe different for each type of microbe.Does it has differ form the amount,ingredient or temperature to make the medium? Pure culture-population of identical cells originating from a single cell
12/12/14 Today we have a quiz before continue our lesson.Our group,group 7 win the quiz.We are very happy. Today we learn about Microbial growth. Growth-refer to number of cell I just know that in microbiology the growth refer to number of cell before this I thought it refer the size of colony. The physical requirement Light-require or kill by light Temperatute-minimal growth ,maximal growth and optimal growth pH Water activity salt concentration Chemical requirement -water -carbon -oxygen I never thought that microbes need specific nutrient as human although there are very small.I hope to know better each microbes what nutrient they need -nitrogen,phosphorus and sulphur -special growth factror -trace elements What I have learn: -Growth-number of cell ot size -Acidophiles -grow below pH 6 -microbes must have balanced nutrient
9/12/14 We continue learning about microbial metabolism. Cellular respiration is process cells use to convert E in chemical bonds of nutrients to ATP E. Aerobic respiration -involves an electron transport system -final electron acceptor is oxygen gas. -total theoretical maximum number atp generated perglucose in prokaryote is 38.In eukaryotr is 36-38.This different from prokaryote because depending on how 2NADH generated in cytoplasm during glycolysis enter mitochondria resulting 2 or 3 atp per NADH but in prokaryote there are no mitochondria 38 can be produce. metabolic pathways- I hope I can know what species of eukaryote will produce 36 atp and 37,38.Before this I only think that plant hae specific respiration but now microbe also have respiration process that some steps similar to plants. Carbon fixation -light dependent reaction consumes atp most commo pathway is Calvin cycle. The other name for carbon cycle is Calvin-Benson Cycle. https://classc
8/12/14 Today we went to Yakult factory.I was very excited when know we will go to Yakult factory at Seremban.We go there after all class finished.When we arrive we straightly go to a room to hear a talk about Yakult.Among the things stressed during the talk are criteria of probiotic bacteria one of it the bacteria must arrive alive in stomach.There are many good bacteria but not all consider as probiotic.I wonder that have all these good bacteria being tested whether they can consider as probiotic or not because there are many new microbes being discover maybe among them can be probiotic that most beneficial to human compare to the present probiotic bacteria.During the talk we also known that o select the best probiotic for producing Yakult a few test have been run.There are few bacteria involve including Lactobacillus casei Shirota which give the good result among the others.I just realize that all the probiotic drink have do a research first to get good probiotic before this I
Today we learn about Microbial Metabolism and Microbial Nutrition.First, we have to do flashcards about the both topics.The flashcards have to contain 30 words and definition on both topics.By making just flashcards also make us get questions based on the flashcards.It make us easier to do our revisions.Next, we have to do online quiz and do some of it in the class.Lastly, we continue our lessons sessions. Catabolic reaction=breakdown of complete substrate and release of energy. Anabolic reactions=building of complex organic molecule from simpler ones Microbial Metabolism=contribute to cycling of element in ecosystem. Metabolic pathways= sequence of enzymatically catalyzed chemical in cell. Metabolic pathways determine by enzymes. Enzyme=encoded by protein Enzyme act as biological catalyzed Enzyme components Factors in
We continue learning about Classification of organisms. Inspiration of Names shape where it is found Nutrient it uses Who discovered it? What disease it cause Phenetic classification -similarity properties very obvious Phylogenetic classification -based on genetic Phylogenetic Tree -Evolutioary relationships among group of species example: Methods Of Classifying and Identifying Microorganisms Morphological Characteristics Differential staining Biochemical test Serology Phage Typing When learning this I got to know from what the name of microbes given.Before this I only thought the name was only based on the name of people discover it. The advanced of technology has improve the classification of microorganisms.Now I understand why the classification of organisms keep changing. During break, we play card related to microbiology.The card was prepared by our friends the Mighty microbe.We have fun playing the card and at the same times learn name of
Today we have class at 1.4 on 11 am. We learn about Classification of Organisms. Taxonomy-Greek Taxis, arrangement of order -nonos,law -nemein to distribute -Science of biological classification -interrelated parts Classification-Arrangement of organism in a group based on similarity identification-process of discovering and recording traits of organisms Nomenclature -Assignment of names to taxonomic in agreement with published rule Nomenclature define by two names Genus name + species epithet(species) Both name italicized or underline Genus always Capitalized Species lower case Example: Homo sapiens Rules governing the naming organisms can be find in For protozoa and parasitic worms : International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. For fungi and algae: International Code of Botanical Nomenclature For bacteria : international Code for Nomenclat
21/11/14 We have our class today with Dr Wan at 2.2 Biotech 2.We learn about virus.Virus is not living organism until take over host.Virus is major causes of disease. Acellular Agents Viruses-protein and nucleic acid Viroids-only RNA Satellites-only nucleic acid Prions-protein only Example of disease cause by Prion is Kuru. Kuru occured in Papua New Guinea because of tradition to eat dead family member brain. Most virus is in hydrosphere Mostly in marine and sea. The virus can be grow in embryonated egg. pic from: http://www.virology.ws/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/viruses_in_eggs.jpg Virus is important in evolution.One of the evolution of virus is ebola virus.During 2008 the host is monkey but now the host is bat. Bacteriophages,bacterial virus kill only bad bacteria. It kill pathogenic bacteria in poultry. Before this I thought that virus only cause disease but now I know that virus also can also kill bad bacteria.ow I also know that virus have many
18/11/14 Today we learn about Mutation.Mutation is any inheritable change in the base sequence of DNA. A strain carrying such a change is mutant.Differ from parental strain in genotype and phenotype.Mutation can be spontaneous or induced. Spontaneous mutation-occurs without mutagens -alters the structure of bases in DNA Induced mutation-chemical and physical agents to induced the mutation There are many types of mutations Base substitution-single base at one point in DNA sequence replace with different base Missence mutation Silent Mutations http://i0.wp.com/www.namrata.co/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Point-mutations.png?resize=384%2C177 Nonsense Mutations http://www7.0zz0.com/2011/08/05/01/948870633.gif Frameshift mutatio Before learning about mutation in this class I thought that when a mutation a change always occur in term of product produce.After this class I got to know there a mutation happen but the
14/11/14 In the morning we went to National University Carnival on E-learning at SACC, Shah Alam. We went there for supporting our friends who involve in the Carnival.We went there by bus. I get to see many booth from UPM and other university take part in the carnival in many field such as medicine, earth science, communication and many more.There are many new information that I get when visiting the booth. I also get to see many different way of learning during the carnival. I enjoys myself at the carnival. Thank to Dr Wan who bring we here and also congrats to our friends who manage to get Silver in the competition. In the evening we have class with Datin Khadijah at 1.3. We learn about Regulation of Gene Expression. Modes of Gene Expression -constitutive expression expressed at same rate all time -inducible expression gene expression changes in response to condition. Regulation of enzyme activity Feedback inhibition Allosteric inhibition
11/11/14 Today is our first class with Datin Khatijah. Class is at 1.4. We learn about Strucutre and Function Of Genetic Material. Genome: genetic information in cell Chromosomes:structures containing DNA that containing genetic information pic from: http://www.writework.com/uploads/7/74478/human-genome-genes.png Genes: segments of DNA that code functional product. DNA deoxyribonucleic acid made of nucleotides: -nitrogenous base , sugars and phosphate group Nucleic Acid pic from :http://images.tutorvista.com/cms/images/101/purines-and-pyrimidines.png We also learn about replication of Bacterial DNA In today class there are some information that has been study before this and there also a new information about genetics that have been learn through genetics.It helps me to recall back my memory on genetics learn before this and I was quite shock that actually the poress in replication of DNA is quite complicated than I thought before t
7/11/2014 Today class start at 8.15 am at 1.2.We are ask to make a game about eukaryotic structure that whole class can play.We we given time 1 hour.We start the game at 1.4 when Dr Wan come back from the meeting.There all 10 group that have divided among us.Each team get different organelle .This activity has make the classroom more fun.During the games,there are some questions I can answer and some question that I do not remember the answer.but we able to do all the games as a team.These games also make me know the fact about eukaryotic structure that I do not now and help to recall what had been learn before this.As for our group, we get the rough endoplasmic reticulum.We decide to do Wheel Decide.This game start with a few stationery is given to the student in class and a music is played.When the music stop the student with a stationery have to come to to roll the wheel and answer the question been ask.When do the game it also help me to recall about rough endoplasmic reticulu
31/10/14 Today we have a long class from 8.30 am to 12.00 am. We learn about Algae and Fungi. Algae is in the Protist group.Most of the algae are photoautototropic and require water.Algae reproduce through asexual and sexual reproduction. One of example of algae is seaweed. Seaweed provide habitat for marine communities. Algal bloom happen when eutrophication, too much substrate high nutrition. This can be observed by discoloration of water. The toxin produce by algae can effect human if ingest through fish. Algae bloom also can happen in swimming pool if no chlorine is added. If algae bloom happen it means that the lake is polluted. Before this I never thought that if the lake turn to green it means it is polluted and have toxin. I thought it was good things to happen that show the organism in the lake is in good condition but now I know I wrong. Learning about Algae bloom make now realise why no people go fishing when the lake is very green. Slime Molds Slime Mo